What is the function of Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupters (GFCIs)?

Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupters (GFCIs) play a crucial role in electrical safety by monitoring the flow of electricity through a circuit. Their primary function is to detect any imbalance between the outgoing current and the incoming current. If a ground fault occurs—such as when electrical current is unintentionally diverted through a person's body to the ground—the GFCI senses this change and rapidly shuts off the electrical flow. This quick action is essential in preventing serious electric shock or electrocution, especially in areas where the risk of ground faults is higher, such as bathrooms or kitchens.

The other options do not accurately describe the function of GFCIs. Increasing voltage or enhancing electrical flow efficiency involves different electrical components and devices, while regulating current flow is not a specific function of GFCIs, which focus instead on safety and interruption of current in fault situations.